Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants
Sexual reproduction in flowering plants is the process by which new plants are produced through the fusion of male and female gametes.
Main Parts Involved
1. Flower
Flower is the reproductive part of a plant.
2. Male Reproductive Part Stamen
It has:
Anther produces pollen grains (male gametes)
Filament supports anther
3. Female Reproductive Part Pistil/Carpel
It has:
Stigma receives pollen
Style connects stigma and ovary
Ovary contains ovules
Ovule contains egg cell (female gamete)
Steps of Sexual Reproduction
1. Pollination
Transfer of pollen grains from anther to stigma.
Types:
Self-pollination
Cross-pollination
2. Fertilization
Pollen tube carries male gamete to ovule and fuses with egg cell.
This fusion forms a zygote.
3. Double Fertilization
Unique feature of flowering plants.
One male gamete + egg zygote
Other male gamete + polar nuclei endosperm
4. Seed and Fruit Formation
Ovule seed
Ovary fruit
Importance
Produces variation
Helps in evolution
Ensures continuation of species
NCERT Definition
Sexual reproduction in flowering plants involves the formation and fusion of male and female gametes to produce offspring.
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