PICOT Question: In patients with chronic kidney disease how does a nurse structured educational self-management support program compare to the physician-led nephrology care influence progression rate over 12-months. The synthesis paper uses the PICOT question as the title of the paper and should be 6-8 pages (not including Title page and Reference page). Make sure to use the following headings: Introduction, Review of Literature, Solutions to the Problem, Implications for Nursing, and Conclusion. Must use references from the Literature Review, cited in the paper. Criteria Must Include: – Introduction with the problem and background. – Review of Literature must include: summarize findings from Literature Review and include in-text citations in APA format. – Solutions to the Problem must include: discuss 2-3 options for improving outcomes regarding the initial problem and includes in-text citations to support solutions. – Implications for Nursing must include: why is it important for nurses to know this information and how can nurses help to improve outcomes regarding the topic. – Conclusion – Format must include: 6-8 page requirement (not including title or reference pages) and use APA format. Abstract must include all 5 elements: 1. What is the importance of the research? Why would a reader be interested in the larger work? 2. What problem does this work attempt to solve? What is the scope of the project? What is the main argument/thesis/claim? 3. An abstract of a scientific work may include specific models or approaches used in the larger study. The methodology for the assignment is a literature search. 4. For the assignment, discuss the general results of all of the literature reviewed and synthesized. Be clear and concise. Avoid discussing specific studies or articles as it will include those in the literature review section in the main body of the paper. 5. What changes should be implemented as a result of the findings of the work? How does the work add to the body of knowledge on the topic? Abstract reminders: 1. No more than 350 words. Be concise. 2. Use APA format. Double space the abstract. 3. Do not use personal pronouns. Be professional. 4. Follow the Formal Writing Guidelines and APA. Reference Articles: 1. Arooj, H., Aman, M., Hashmi, M.U., Nasir, Z., Zahid, M., Aldoas, J., Amjad, N., Maryam, S., & Farhan, K. (2025). The impact of nurse-led care in chronic kidney disease management: a systemic review and meta-analysis. BMC nursing, 24(1), 188. 2. Cashmore, B.A., Cooper, T.E., Evanglidis, N.M., Green, S.C., Lopez-Vargas, P., & Tunnicliffe, D.J. (2024). Education programmes for people with chronic kidney disease and diabetes. The Cochrane database of systemic reviews, 8(8), CD 007374. 3. Shobha, K., Sams, L., Arulappan, J., Alharbi, H. (2023). Effectiveness of nurse-led educational intervention on knowledge regarding management of chronic kidney disease among patients. International Journal of Nutrition, Pharmacology, Neurological Diseases, 13(1):p 47-55. DOI: 10.4103/ijnpnd.ijnpnd_68_22 4. Boonstra, M. D., Reijneveld, S. A., Westerhuis, R., Tullius, J. M., Vervoort, J. P. M., Navis, G., & de Winter, A. F. (2022). A longitudinal qualitative study to explore and optimize self-management in mild to end stage chronic kidney disease patients with limited health literacy: Perspectives of patients and health care professionals. Patient education and counseling, 105(1), 88104. 5. Pintado-Outumuro, E., Morin-Fraile, V., Salvador-Gonzalez, B., Benito, L., Julve-Ibanez, M., Sancho-Campos, M.P., Alves-Tafur, C., & Lumillo-Gutierrez, I. (2024). Exploring the factors influencing evidence-based approaches to advanced chronic kidney disease: a qualitative study involving nurses and physicians. BMC primary care, 25(1), 177. 6. Hsu, H. T., Chiang, Y. C., Lai, Y. H., Lin, L. Y., Hsieh, H. F., & Chen, J. L. (2021). Effectiveness of Multidisciplinary Care for Chronic Kidney Disease: A Systematic Review. Worldviews on evidence-based nursing, 18(1), 3341. 7. Shukla, A. M., Cavanaugh, K. L., Jia, H., Hale-Gallardo, J., Wadhwa, A., Fischer, M. J., Reule, S., Palevsky, P. M., Fried, L. F., & Crowley, S. T. (2023). Needs and Considerations for Standardization of Kidney Disease Education in Patients with Advanced CKD. Clinical journal of the American Society of Nephrology : CJASN, 18(9), 12341243. 8. Huang, H., HSU, Y., Yang, C., HSU, M., Chung, Y. (2024). Effects of a health literacy education program on mental health and renal function in patients with chronic kidney disease: a randomized controlled trial. Journal of Nursing Research, 23(1): p e310, February 2024. 9. Kamath, C.C., Dobler, C.C., Lampman, M.A., Erwin, P.J., Matulis, J., Elrashidi, M., McCoy, R.G., Alsawaz, M., Pajouhi, A., Vasdev, A., Shah, N.D., Murad, M.H., & Thorsteinsdottir, B. (2019). Implementation strategies for interventions to improve the management of chronic kidney disease by primary care clinicians: protocol for a systemic review. BMJ open, 9(8), e027206. 10. Saudan, P., Ponte, B., Marangon, N., Martinez, C., Berchtold, L., Jaques, D., Ernandez, T., de Seigneux, S., Carballo, S., Perneger, T., & Martin, P. Y. (2020). Impact of superimposed nephrological care to guidelines-directed management by primary care physicians of patients with stable chronic kidney disease: a randomized controlled trial. BMC nephrology, 21(1), 128. 11. Faldu, C. T., & Knicely, D. H. (2025). Advanced Chronic Kidney Disease and Patient Education. Kidney and Dialysis, 5(3), 32. 12. Zacharias, H., Altenbuchinger, M., Schultheiss, U., Raffler, J., Kotsis, F., Ghasemi, S., Ali, I., Kollerits, B., Metzger, M., Steinbrenner, I., Sekula, P., Massy, Z., Combe, C., Kalra, P., Kronenberg, F., Stengel, B., Eckardt, K., Kottgen, A., Schmid, M., Gronwald, W., Oefner, P. (2022). A predictive model for progression of CKD to Kidney failure based on routine laboratory tests. American Journal of Kidney Diseases, 79 (2): 217-230. Https://doi.org/10.1053/j.ajkd.2021.05.018 Thank you for your help.

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